Sucrose

Isicelo
I-Sucrose isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni, kwizinto zokuthambisa kunye namayeza, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa njengomgangatho wokuhlalutya kunye nokufunyanwa.Ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-citric acid, i-caramel, i-sugar invert, isepha ecacileyo, njl njl. Inokuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ekugxininiseni okuphezulu, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njenge-tablet excipient ye-preservative kunye ne-antioxidant kwiyeza.I-reagent sucrose isetyenziselwa ukuzimisela kwe-1-naphthol, ukwahlukana kwe-calcium kunye ne-magnesium kunye nokulungiswa kwendawo yenkcubeko ye-biological.

I-Sucrose, inxalenye ephambili yeswekile yetafile, luhlobo lwe-disaccharide, equkethe i-molecule ye-hemiacetal hydroxyl iqela le-glucose kunye ne-molecule ye-hemiacetal hydroxyl iqela le-fructose edibeneyo kunye neyodwa.I-Sucrose imnandi, ayinavumba, inyibilika emanzini kunye ne-glycerol, kwaye inyibilika kancinane etywaleni.I-spinogenic, kodwa ayinayo i-photochromic effect.I-Sucrose iphantse ifumaneke kwihlabathi lonke kumagqabi, iintyatyambo, iziqu, imbewu kunye neziqhamo zobukumkani bezityalo.Ininzi kakhulu kummoba, iswekile beet kunye nencindi yemaple.I-Sucrose inencasa eswiti kwaye kukutya okubalulekileyo kunye nencasa eswiti.Yahlulwe ibe yiswekile emhlophe, iswekile emdaka, iswekile etyeni, iswekile etyeni, kunye neswekile erhabaxa (iswekile etyheli)
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo
I-Sucrose i-soluble kakhulu emanzini, kwaye ukunyibilika kwayo kuyanda ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, kwaye ayiqhubeki umbane xa inyibilika emanzini.I-Sucrose nayo iyanyibilika kwi-aniline, azobenzene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, phenol enyibilikisiweyo, i-ammonia engamanzi, umxube wotywala kunye namanzi kunye nomxube we-acetone namanzi, kodwa ayinyibiliki kwizinyibilikisi zendalo ezifana nepetroli, i-petroleum, i-anhydrous alcohol, i-trichloromethane. , i-carbon tetrachloride, i-carbon disulfide kunye ne-turpentine.I-Sucrose yinto eyikristale.Ubunzima obuthile beekristale ze-sucrose ecocekileyo yi-1.5879, kwaye ubunzima obuthile besisombululo se-sucrose buhluka ngokuxhomekeka kugxininiso kunye nobushushu.Ukujikeleza okuthe ngqo kwe-sucrose ngu +66.3 ° ukuya +67.0 °.
Iimpawu zeMichiza
Izisombululo ze-Sucrose kunye ne-sucrose phantsi kwesenzo sobushushu, i-asidi, i-alkali, igwele, njl., Zivelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo.Ukusabela akuphumeleli kuphela ekulahlekeni ngokuthe ngqo kwe-sucrose, kodwa kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezinobungozi kwimveliso yeswekile.
Xa i-crystallized sucrose ifudunyezwa kwi-160 ° C, iya kubola ngokufudumala kwaye inyibilike ibe lulwelo olungqindilili nolubonakalayo, ize iphinde iqaqambe xa ipholile.Ixesha lokufudumala liyandiswa, i-sucrose ichithwa kwi-glucose kunye ne-defructose.Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu le-190-220 ° C, i-sucrose iya kuchithwa kwaye ifakwe kwi-caramel.Ukufudumeza okungaphezulu kwe-caramel kuvelisa i-carbon dioxide, i-carbon monoxide, i-acetic acid kunye ne-acetone.Ngaphantsi kweemeko zomswakama, i-sucrose ibola kwi-100 ° C, ikhupha amanzi kwaye ibe mnyama umbala.Xa isisombululo se-sucrose sifudunyezwa ukubilisa kuxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric ixesha elide, i-sucrose edibeneyo iyancipha ngokukhawuleza ibe yimali elinganayo ye-glucose kunye ne-fructose, oko kukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwenzeka.Ukuba isisombululo se-sucrose sishushu ngaphezu kwe-108 ℃, siya kwenziwa i-hydrolyzed ngokukhawuleza, kwaye okukhona kugxininiso lwesisombululo seswekile, kubaluleke kakhulu umphumo we-hydrolysis.Izinto zetsimbi ezisetyenziswe kwisitya esibilisayo nazo zinefuthe kwisantya sokuguqulwa kwe-sucrose.Ngokomzekelo, ukuguqulwa kwesisombululo se-sucrose kwiinqanawa zobhedu kukhulu kakhulu kuneempahla zesilivere, kwaye izitya zeglasi zinempembelelo encinci.