Adenosine Diphosphate

Isicelo
I-Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), iyinto ebalulekileyo ye-organic compound kwi-metabolism kwaye ibalulekile ekuhambeni kwamandla kwiiseli eziphilayo.I-ADP inamacandelo amathathu abalulekileyo: umqolo weswekile odityaniswe ne-adenine kunye namaqela amabini e-phosphate adityaniswe kwi-5 carbon atom ye-ribose.Iqela le-diphosphate le-ADP lifakwe kwi-5 'carbon ye-backbone yeshukela, ngelixa i-adenine idibanisa kwi-1' carbon.
I-ADP inokuguqulwa ibe yi-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) kunye ne-adenosine monophosphate (AMP).I-ATP iqulethe iqela elinye le-phosphate ngaphezu kwe-ADP.I-AMP iqulethe iqela elimbalwa le-phosphate.Ukudluliselwa kwamandla okusetyenziswa zizo zonke izinto eziphilayo kubangelwa yi-dephosphorylation ye-ATP ngama-enzymes aziwa ngokuba yi-ATPases.Ukucandwa kweqela le-phosphate kwi-ATP kubangela ukudityaniswa kwamandla kwi-metabolic reactions kunye nemveliso ye-ADP.[1]I-ATP isoloko ilungiswa ukusuka kwiintlobo zamandla asezantsi i-ADP kunye ne-AMP.I-biosynthesis ye-ATP ifezekisiwe kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezifana ne-substrate-level phosphorylation, i-phosphorylation ye-oxidative, kunye ne-photophosphorylation, yonke into eququzelela ukongezwa kweqela le-phosphate kwi-ADP.

I-Adenosine diphosphate (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-adenosine diphosphate) yikhompawundi equkethe i-molecule ye-adenosine kunye neengcambu ze-phosphate ezimbini eziqhotyoshelweyo, ifomula yayo ye-molecular yi-C10H15N5O10P2.Kwizinto eziphilayo, ngokuqhelekileyo imveliso ye-hydrolysis ye-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) emva kokulahlekelwa kwengcambu ye-phosphate, oko kukuthi, ukuphulwa kwebhondi ye-phosphate ephezulu, kunye nokukhululwa kwamandla.